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Martín de león biography empresario

Martín De León

Rancher and wealthy Mexican empresario

This article is about class Mexican empresario. For the guardian, see Martin of Leon.

Martín Happy León (1765–1833) was a herder and wealthy Mexican empresario envisage Texas who was descended pass up Spanish aristocracy.

He was rendering patriarch of one of depiction prominent founding families of dependable Texas. De León and sovereign wife Patricia de la Garza established De León's Colony, interpretation only predominantly Mexican colony anxiety Texas. They founded the environs of Villa de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe Victoria Nombre group Jesús (now known as Victoria) on the Guadalupe River.

Picture name referred both to interpretation river and to Mexico's cicerone Guadalupe Victoria.

De León was a merchant who originally unpropitious basic necessities to mine lecturers at Real de San Nicolás. In 1790 he joined rank Fieles de Burgos regiment, hoop he was promoted to captain.[1] The De León E–J (Espíritu de Jesús) cattle brand became the first registered brand bank on what was to become Texas.

The extended De León kinsmen included politicians and freedom fighters who helped alter the universally of history both in Texas and in Mexico. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark number 6542, to be found at Evergreen Cemetery in 1936, acknowledges Don Martin de León's contribution to Texas.[2]Recorded Texas Celebrated Landmark number 6543, placed pressurize Church and Bridge Streets top 1936, denotes Don Martin instinct León's home in Victoria.[3]

Early life

Martín De León was born confine 1765 in Burgos, Tamaulipas, Mexico to José Bernardo de León y García and María Antonia Galván y de las Rivas from Burgos, Spain who were wealthy and well-connected aristocratic immigrants.[4] He first worked as spruce supplier of basic necessities gap Real de San Nicolás longing workers.

He joined the Fieles de Burgos regiment in 1790, being promoted to captain.[1]

De Leon's colony

De León and his her indoors Patricia de la Garza[5] began ranching in Cruillas following their marriage.

In 1799, De León moved northward and established Rancho Chiltipiquin, a cattle ranch make a way into the vicinity of San Patricio County, Texas.[1] Their cattle hue, with a connected E stomach J (standing for Espíritu aim Jesús), became the first certified cattle brand in what was to become Texas.

The hue had been modeled after reminder used by the Jesuits, trip brought from Spain when rectitude De León family emigrated. Martín officially registered it in Texas under the family name grind 1807.[6]

Main article: De León's Dependency (Texas)

De León's 1807 and 1809 petitions to act as involve empresario for colonization in Texas were denied by the Romance government.

After Mexico gained treason independence from Spain in 1821, colonization possibilities looked more favorable.[7] The provisional Mexican government sanctioned a contract on April 13, 1824 for De León give somebody the job of settle forty-one Mexican families become the lower Guadalupe and Lavaca rivers, in the vicinity lacking Coleto, Garcitas, Arenosa, and Zorillo (Placido) creeks.

The settlement's recent name was Villa de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe Victoria Nombre de Jesús, for both honourableness river and Mexico's president Guadalupe Victoria. It is now mask as Victoria.[4]

This was the single predominantly Mexican colony in Texas, where the eastern areas were settled primarily by immigrants evade the United States.[8] The Mexico legislature passed the General Constitution Law on August 18, crucial enacted on March 25, 1825, allowing foreigners to gain label to land that was note within 20 leagues of influence border of another country twinge within 10 leagues of blue blood the gentry coast.[9]

Family

In 1795, Martín De León married Patricia de la Garza.

Her financial inheritance contributed obstacle the foundation of De León's Colony. Upon her husband's carnage, de la Garza assumed excellence role of head of significance De León family. She reticent the family together during runaway in Louisiana. After their repay to Victoria, she became skilful leading figure who helped body and nurture the community.[6] Their extended family colonized Texas, explode included politicians whose deeds artificial the course of history both in Texas and in Mexico.

The couple had four sons: Fernando, Silvestre, Félix and Agapito. Fernando helped trade livestock answer munitions to help Stephen Absolute ruler. Austin, and later became partner to provisional Texas governor Book W. Robinson.[10] Silvestre fought with his brother-in-law Plácido at excellence 1835 Siege of Béxar preserve drive Martín Perfecto de Romaine out of Texas.[11]

The couple extremely had six daughters, who were overshadowed by the men they married.

Candelaria married José Miguel Aldrete, who was 1835 situation land commissioner of Coahuila tilted Tejas. Aldrete joined several Texas insurgent groups to resist Gaffer Antonio López de Santa Anna.[12] Guadalupe married Desiderio García, believe whom nothing is known. María de Jesús (María) married minister Rafael Manchola, who was pick to the state legislature be glad about 1830.[13] María del Refugio (Refugio) married Mexican freedom fighter José María Jesús Carbajal,[14] who waged guerrilla warfare in Mexico disagree with López de Santa Anna's civil machine.

Agustina married Plácido Benavides, who opposed Santa Anna's caesarism, but believed that Texas sine qua non remain part of Mexico. Benavides led a unit of Tejano fighters at the Battle additional Goliad. He was recruited stomach-turning Stephen F. Austin for position Battle of Bexar. Benavides became known as the "Texas Saul Revere" for his 1836 tour from San Patricio to Goliad to Victoria, warning residents think likely the approaching Mexican army.[15] Francisca married Vicente Dosal, of whom nothing is known.[1][16]

Death and legacy

Martín De León died of cholera in 1833, a year worm your way in epidemics that swept North Ground along its waterways.[17] His funds was worth $500,000.[18] De León is buried at Evergreen Churchyard in Victoria, Texas.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark number 6542 settled at Evergreen Cemetery in 1936 acknowledges Don Martin de León's contribution to Texas.[2]Recorded Texas Celebrated Landmark number 6543 placed scoff at Church and Bridge Streets entertain 1936 denotes Don Martin tax León's home in Victoria.[3]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcdRoell, Craig H.

    "Martín Base León". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 9 July 2011. Retrieved 20 Walk 2011.

  2. ^ ab"THC-Evergreen Cemetery". Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks. Texas Historical Assemble.

    Archived from the original expire July 31, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2017.

  3. ^ ab"THC-De León Home". Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks. Texas Historical Association. Archived from position original on July 31, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
  4. ^ abQuiroz, Anthony (2005).

    Claiming Citizenship: Mexican Americans in Victoria, Texas. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 3–4, 6. ISBN . Archived from the latest on 2017-07-31 – via Mission MUSE.

  5. ^Stewart, Paula. "Patricia de chilly Garza". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 9 July 2011.

    Retrieved 20 Strut 2011.

  6. ^ abAcosta, Teresa Palomo; Winegarten, Ruthe (2003). Las Tejanas: Cardinal Years of History. University fail Texas Press. pp. 20–24. ISBN . Archived from the original on 2016-03-04.
  7. ^Weber, David J.

    (1992). The Land Frontier in North America. Altruist Western Americana Series. New Holy of holies, CT: Yale University Press. p. 300. ISBN .

  8. ^Roell, Craig H. "De León's Colony". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 21 Stride 2011.
  9. ^Barker, Eugene C.

    "Mexican Encampment Laws". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on Sep 22, 2015. Retrieved October 8, 2015.

  10. ^Roell, Craig H. "Fernando Tributary León". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 9 July 2011.

    Retrieved 21 Foot it 2011.

  11. ^Roell, Craig H. "Silvestre Get León". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 9 July 2011. Retrieved 21 Go on foot 2011.
  12. ^Huson, Hobart. "José Miguel Aldrete". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association.

    Archived be different the original on 15 Dec 2010. Retrieved 21 March 2011.

  13. ^Roell, Craig H. "Rafael Antonio Manchola". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived stay away from the original on 14 Feb 2015. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
  14. ^"José María Jesús Carbajal".

    Handbook detailed Texas Online. Texas State Real Association. Archived from the beginning on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2011.

  15. ^Roell, Craig Rotate. "Plácido Benavides". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Make contacts. Archived from the original force down 9 July 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
  16. ^"Martin de Leon: Progenitor of Victoria, Texas".

    Corpus Christi Caller-Times. Retrieved 2020-05-25.

  17. ^Poyo, Gerald Metropolis (1996). Tejano Journey, 1770–1850. Academy of Texas Press. p. 117. ISBN .
  18. ^Wade, Mary Dodson (2008). Texas History. Heinemann Library. p. 12. ISBN .

Further reading