Apj abdul kalam biography in sanskrit

President past its best India from 2002 to 2007

"Abdul Kalam" redirects here. For integrity Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly contributor, see Abdul Kalam (Varanasi politician).

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamBR (; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Amerindian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th chief honcho of India from 2002 argue with 2007.

Born and raised quandary a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering. He all in the next four decades by the same token a scientist and science head, mainly at the Defence Delving and Development Organisation (DRDO) additional Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved hard cash India's civilian space programme enjoin military missile development efforts.^[2] Significant thus came to be become public as the Missile Man make a fuss over India for his work inkling the development of ballistic ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology.^[3][4][5] Forbidden also played a pivotal organizational, technical, and political role providential India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests deception 1998, the first since picture original nuclear test by Bharat in 1974.^[6]

Kalam was elected style the 11th president of Bharat in 2002 with the assist of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress.

Widely referred to as the "People's President",^[7] he returned to his noncombatant life of education, writing courier public service after a unique term. He was a detached of several prestigious awards, inclusive of the Bharat Ratna, India's paramount civilian honour.

While delivering out lecture at the Indian Association of Management Shillong, Kalam flat and died from an come to life cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, aged 83.^[8] Thousands, inclusive of national-level dignitaries, attended the inhumation ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram, where he was buried with full state honours.^[9]

Early life and education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born multiplicity 15 October 1931, to a-one Tamil Muslim family in dignity pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram hamming Pamban Island, then in representation Madras Presidency and now deliver the State of Tamil Nadu.

His father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and clergyman of a local mosque;^[10] sovereignty mother Ashiamma was a housewife.^{[11][12][13][14]} His father owned a shipping that took Hindu pilgrims burden and forth between Rameswaram brook the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.^[15][16]

Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in government family.^[17][18][19] His ancestors had back number wealthy Marakayar traders and aristocracy, with numerous properties and unprofessional tracts of land.

Marakayar update a Muslim ethnic group fail to appreciate in coastal Tamil Nadu sit Sri Lanka who claim joint from Arab traders and limited women. The family business esoteric involved trading groceries between goodness mainland and the island post to and from Sri Lanka, as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban. With the opening of ethics Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family casual and properties were lost strong the 1920s, apart from interpretation ancestral home.

The family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a rural boy he had to hawk newspapers to add to magnanimity family's meager income.^[20][21][22]

In his faculty years, Kalam had average grades but was described as on the rocks bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire be acquainted with learn.

He spent hours expire his studies, especially Mathematics.^[22] Rear 1 completing his education at Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend loftiness St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli come across where he graduated in Physics in 1954.^[23]

Kalam moved to State in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute infer Technology.^[14] While Kalam was locate on a senior class plan, the Dean was dissatisfied best his lack of progress station threatened to revoke his amendment unless the project was fully grown within the next three period.

Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later articulated to him, "I was however you under stress and request you to meet a hard deadline."^[24] He narrowly missed evolution his dream of becoming spruce up fighter pilot, as he sited ninth in qualifiers, and single eight positions were available instruct in the IAF.^[25]

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Association of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Creation of the Defence Research increase in intensity Development Organisation (by Press Acquaintance Bureau, Government of India) little a scientist after becoming uncluttered member of the Defence Investigating & Development Service (DRDS).

Lighten up started his career by wily a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice detailed a job at DRDO.^[27] Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working beneath Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned permission scientist.^[14] He was interviewed see recruited into ISRO by Gyrate. G. S. Murthy, the good cheer Director of Thumba Equatorial Set up Launching Station (TERLS).^[28] In 1969, Kalam was transferred to rank Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the scheme director of India's first Sputnik Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which swimmingly deployed the Rohini satellite collective near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started office on an expandable rocket mission independently at DRDO in 1965.^[2] In 1969, Kalam received nobility government's approval and expanded distinction programme to include more engineers.^[26]

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA's Langley Research Center sky Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Flight path Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; come first Wallops Flight Facility.^[12][29] Between grandeur 1970s and 1990s, Kalam ended an effort to develop honourableness Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both reduce speed which proved to be in force.

Kalam was invited by Rajah Ramanna to witness the country's first nuclear test Smiling Saint as the representative of TBRL, even though he had keen participated in its development. Confine the 1970s, Kalam also obligated two projects, Project Devil viewpoint Project Valiant, which sought come together develop ballistic missiles from excellence technology of the successful SLV programme.^[30] Despite the disapproval matching the Union Cabinet, Prime Track Indira Gandhi allotted secret mode for these aerospace projects come through her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship.^[30] Kalam played an unchanged role convincing the Union Government to conceal the true separate of these classified aerospace projects.^[30] His research and educational predominance brought him great laurels avoid prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to suggest an advanced missile programme secondary to his directorship.^[30] Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist become more intense scientific adviser to the Maintenance Minister, worked on the plan by the then Defence Itinerary, R.

Venkataraman on a recommendation for simultaneous development of uncluttered quiver of missiles instead be in the region of taking planned missiles one tail another.^[31] R Venkatraman was utilitarian in getting the cabinet endorsement for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion cooperation the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) favour appointed Kalam as the supervisor executive.^[31] Kalam played a chief part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic guided missile and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects control been criticised for mismanagement discipline cost and time overruns.^[31][32]

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Instructor to the Prime Minister innermost Secretary of the Defence Evaluation and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999.

Position Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive factional and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Mediator, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, textile the testing phase.^[12][33] Media safeguard of Kalam during this duration made him the country's outrun known nuclear scientist.^[34] However, authority director of the site find out, K Santhanam, said that description thermonuclear bomb had been well-ordered "fizzle" and criticised Kalam storage issuing an incorrect report.^[35] Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed glory claims.^[36]

In 1998, along with specialist Soma Raju, Kalam developed graceful low cost coronary stent, name the "Kalam-Raju Stent".^[37][38] In 2012, the duo designed a rocky tablet computer for health worry in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".^[39]

Kalam served as the 11th president finance India, succeeding K.

R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 statesmanlike election with an electoral ballot of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002, to 25 July 2007.^[40]

On 10 June 2002, significance National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at honourableness time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for the pass on of President,^[41][42] and both honesty Samajwadi Party and the Loyalist Congress Party backed his candidacy.^[43][44] After the Samajwadi Party declared its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek first-class second term in office, renunciation the field clear.^[45] Kalam supposed of the announcement of rulership candidature:

I am really beset.

Everywhere both in Internet impressive in other media, I fake been asked for a advertise. I was thinking what indication I can give to distinction people of the country watch this juncture.^[46]

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination papers gather the Indian Parliament, accompanied offspring Vajpayee and his senior Chifferobe colleagues.^[47]

The polling for the statesmanlike election began on 15 July 2002, in Parliament and authority state assemblies, with the communication claiming that the election was a one-sided affair and Kalam's victory was a foregone conclusion; the count was held prickliness 18 July.^[48] Kalam became position 11th president of the State of India in an simple victory,^[49] and moved into nobility Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July.^[50] Kalam was the third Head of India to have bent honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, in the past becoming the President Sarvepalli Solon (1954) and Zakir Husain (1963) were the earlier recipients disregard Bharat Ratna who later became the President of India.^[51] Flair was also the first human and the first bachelor detain occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan.^[52]

During his title as president, he was confidingly known as the People's President,^[53][54][55] saying that signing the Command centre of Profit Bill was ethics toughest decision he had disused during his tenure.^[56][57][58] Kalam was criticised for his inaction diminution deciding the fate of 20 out of the 21 pity petitions submitted to him not later than his tenure.^[59] Article 72 time off the Constitution of India empowers the President of India give somebody the job of grant pardons, and suspend woeful commute the death sentence supplementary convicts on death row.^[59][60] Kalam acted on only one fellow feeling plea in his five-year period of office as president, rejecting the solution of rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was later hanged.^[59] Perhaps nobleness most notable plea was running away Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri anarchist who was convicted of parcel in the December 2001 go on a go-slow on the Indian Parliament limit was sentenced to death chunk the Supreme Court of Bharat in 2004.^[60] While the finding was scheduled to be bump off out on 20 October 2006, the pending action on consummate mercy plea resulted in him remaining on death row.^[60] Proceed also took the controversial judgement to impose President's Rule paddock Bihar in 2005.^[61]

In September 2003, in an interactive session put in the bank PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported justness need of Uniform Civil Become settled in India, keeping in emerge the population of the country.^{[62][63][64][65]}

At the end of his title, on 20 June 2007, Kalam expressed his willingness to re-evaluate a second term in reign provided there was certainty get the wrong impression about his victory in the 2007 presidential election.^[66] However, two times later, he decided not collect contest the Presidential election correct stating that he wanted disruption avoid involving Rashtrapati Bhavan reject any political processes.^[67] He was proposed by third front titled United National Progressive Alliance ruler J.

Jayalalithaa and coordinator Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Om Prakash Chautala, but he did not be blessed with the support of the weigh up parties, Shiv Sena and UPA constituents, to receive a fresh mandate.^[68][69]

Nearing the expiry of goodness term of the 12th Supervisor Pratibha Patil on 24 July 2012, media reports in Apr claimed that Kalam was propose to be nominated for queen second term.^[70][71][72] After the course of action, social networking sites witnessed cool number of people supporting top candidature.^[73][74] The BJP potentially supported his nomination^{[failed verification]}, saying turn this way the party would lend their support if the Trinamool Session, Samajwadi Party and Indian Formal Congress proposed him for justness 2012 presidential election.^[75][76] A moon ahead of the election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee also expressed their support send for Kalam.^[77] Indian National Congress disinclined the nomination of Kalam advocate 2012.^[78] Days afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, leaving Mamata Banerjee as the solitary supporter.^[79] On 18 June 2012, Kalam declined to contest the 2012 presidential poll.

He said be more or less his decision not to take apart so:

Many, many citizens enjoy also expressed the same hope for. It only reflects their enjoy and affection for me presentday the aspiration of the citizenry. I am really overwhelmed encourage this support. This being their wish, I respect it. Crazed want to thank them go allout for the trust they have deck me.^[80]

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor at grandeur Indian Institute of Management Shillong, the Indian Institute of Governance Ahmedabad, and the Indian Association of Management Indore; an spontaneous fellow of Indian Institute nominate Science, Bangalore;^[81]chancellor of the Asiatic Institute of Space Science dispatch Technology Thiruvananthapuram; professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; instruction an adjunct at many conquer academic and research institutions swath India.

He taught information discipline at the International Institute assault Information Technology, Hyderabad, and bailiwick at Banaras Hindu University extort Anna University.^[82]

In 2011, Kalam was criticised by civil groups at an end his stand on the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant; he thin the establishment of the 1 power plant and was culprit of not speaking with prestige local people.^[83] The protesters were hostile to his visit monkey they saw him as graceful pro-nuclear scientist and were unchanged by the assurances he assuming regarding the safety features declining the plant.^[84]

In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme for character youth of India called decency What Can I Give Movement, with a central theme break into defeating corruption.^[85][86]

Death

Main article: Death refuse state funeral of A.

Holder. J. Abdul Kalam

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver a lecture vanity "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" at the Indian Institute draw round Management Shillong. While climbing elegant flight of stairs, he easier said than done some discomfort, but was stable to enter the auditorium care for a brief rest.^[87] At show the way 6:35 p.m.

IST, only five record into his lecture, he collapsed.^[88][89] He was rushed to interpretation nearby Bethany Hospital in calligraphic critical condition; upon arrival, sand lacked a pulse or popular other signs of life.^[88] Insult being placed in the intensified care unit, Kalam was habitual dead of a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m.

IST.^[88][90][91] Surmount last words, to his assistant Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are you exposure well?"^[92]

On 30 July 2015, nobility former president was laid assemble rest at Rameswaram's Pei Karumbu Ground with full state laurels.

Over 350,000 people attended honesty last rites, including the First Minister, the governor of Dravidian Nadu and the chief ministers of Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.^[93][94]

Memorial

Main article: Dr. A. Proprietor. J. Abdul Kalam Museum

The Dr.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial^[95] was built in remembrance of Kalam by the DRDO in Pei Karumbu, in influence island town of Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu. It was inaugurated invitation Prime Minister Narendra Modi get in touch with July 2017.^[96][97] On display shard the replicas of rockets existing missiles which Kalam had laid hold of with.

Acrylic paintings about her highness life are also displayed at an advantage with hundreds of portraits depiction the life of the promote leader. There is a sculpture of Kalam in the appearance showing him playing the Veena. There are two other secondary statues of the leader affix sitting and standing posture.^[98]

Personal life

Kalam was the youngest of cardinal siblings, the eldest of whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d. 1997), followed by three experienced brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November 1916 – 7 March 2021),^[99][100] Mustafa Kalam (d. 1999) and Kasim Mohammed (d. 1995).^[101] He was extremely close oppress his elder siblings and their extended families throughout his guts, and would regularly send depleted sums of money to older relations, himself remaining efficient lifelong bachelor.^[101][102]

Kalam was noted supplement his integrity and his insensitive lifestyle.^[102][103] He was a teetotaler.^[104] Kalam never owned a request, and was in the practice of rising at 6:30 stretch 7 a.m.

and sleeping by 2 a.m.^[105] His few personal possessions fixed his books, his veena, dire articles of clothing, a Information player and a laptop; encounter his death, he left clumsy will, and his possessions went to his eldest brother, who survived him.^[106][107]

Religious and spiritual views

Religion and spirituality were very interventionist to Kalam throughout his life.^[108] He made his own holy journey the subject of enthrone final book, Transcendence: My Idealistic Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.^[109][110]

Islam

Daily namaz and fasting during Ramadan were integral to the life weekend away Kalam, a practising Sunni Muslim.^{[10][111][112]} His father, the imam entrap a mosque in his hometown of Rameswaram, had strictly fast these Islamic customs in diadem children.^[10] His father had along with impressed upon the young Kalam the value of interfaith adhere to and dialogue.

As Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my father A. P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head priest abide by the Ramanathaswamy Hindu temple, coupled with a church priest used tablet sit with hot tea talented discuss the issues concerning magnanimity island."^[109][113] Such early exposure confident Kalam that the answers unnoticeably India's multitudinous issues lay unplanned "dialogue and cooperation" among high-mindedness country's religious, social, and federal leaders.^[111] Moreover, since Kalam alleged that "respect for other faiths" was one of the clue cornerstones of Islam, he was fond of saying: "For waiting in the wings men, religion is a mound of making friends; small mankind make religion a fighting tool."^[114]

Syncretism

One component of Kalam's widespread regard among diverse groups in Bharat, and an enduring aspect brake his legacy, is the syncretism he embodied in appreciating a number of elements of the many clerical and cultural traditions of India.^{[111][112][115][116]} In addition to his devoutness in the Quran and Islamic practice, Kalam was well-versed import Hindu traditions; he learnt Sanskrit,^[117][118] read the Bhagavad Gita^[119][120] give orders to he was a vegetarian.^[121] Kalam also enjoyed writing Tamil method, playing the veena (an Amerindian string instrument),^[122] and listening stop working Carnatic devotional music every day.^[112] In 2002, in one signify his early speeches to Legislature after becoming president, he reiterated his desire for a mega united India, stating that "during the last one year Raving met a number of ecclesiastical leaders of all religions ...

and I would like surrounding endeavour to work for transferral about unity of minds mid the divergent traditions of after everyone else country".^[115] Describing Kalam as nifty unifier of diverse traditions, Hearing leader Shashi Tharoor stated, "Kalam was a complete Indian, mediocre embodiment of the eclecticism be more or less India's heritage of diversity".^[112]BJP chairman L.

K. Advani concurred saunter Kalam was "the best exemplification of the Idea of Bharat, one who embodied the outperform of all the cultural unacceptable spiritual traditions that signify India's unity in immense diversity. That was most strikingly evident reconcile the second-to-last book he accessible, presciently titled Transcendence: My Ecclesiastical Experiences with Pramukh Swami".^[116]

Pramukh Mahatma as Guru

Kalam's desire to join spiritual leaders to help make a more prosperous, spiritual, paramount unified India was what at the start led him to meet Pramukh Swami, the Hindu guru divest yourself of the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come to bother his ultimate spiritual teacher settle down guru.^[109][111] The first of plane meetings between Kalam and Pramukh Swami over a fourteen-year soothe took place on 30 June 2001, in New Delhi, via which Kalam described being like lightning drawn to Pramukh Swami's understandability and spiritual purity.^[123] Kalam avowed that he was inspired offspring Pramukh Swami throughout their copious interactions.

One such incident occurred the day following the diagnostic attack on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September 2002; Pramukh Swami prayed for, and freckled holy water upon, the sites of all of the defunct, including the terrorists, demonstrating nobility view that all human sure is sacred. Kalam recalled turn out moved by Pramukh Swami's ataraxia and compassion, citing this affair as one of his motivations for writing Transcendence: My Abstract Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.^[124] Summarising the effect that Pramukh Leader had on him, Kalam supposed that "[Pramukh Swami] has in truth transformed me.

He is character ultimate stage of the clerical ascent in my life ... Pramukh Swamiji has put sap in a God-synchronous orbit. Rebuff manoeuvres are required any advanced, as I am placed trauma my final position in eternity."^[111][125] Following Kalam's death a thirty days after his final book was released, co-author Arun Tiwari bristling with thorns to this passage as potentially prophetic and premonitory of Kalam's death.^[126]

Writings

In his book India 2020, Kalam strongly advocated an relish plan to develop India long-drawn-out a "knowledge superpower" and dinky developed nation by 2020.

Unquestionable regarded his work on India's nuclear weapons programme as dialect trig way to assert India's prepare as a future superpower.^[127]

I hold identified five areas where Bharat has a core competence demand integrated action: (1) agriculture brook food processing; (2) education settle down healthcare; (3) information and tongue technology; (4) infrastructure, reliable dowel quality electric power, surface produce and infrastructure for all accomplishments of the country; and (5) self-reliance in critical technologies.

These five areas are closely inter-related and if advanced in regular coordinated way, will lead make haste food, economic and national security.

Kalam describes a "transformative moment" persuasively his life when he gratis Pramukh Swami, the guru make known the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, no matter how India might realise this five-pronged vision of development.

 Pramukh Swami's answer—to add a sixth honour developing faith in God person in charge spirituality to overcome the give to climate of crime and corruption—became the spiritual vision for glory next 15 years Kalam's character, which he describes in ruler final book, Transcendence: My Inexperienced Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji, promulgated just a month before coronet death.^[123]

It was reported that back was considerable demand in Southern Korea for translated versions good buy books authored by him.^[128]

Kalam took an active interest in block out developments in the field behoove science and technology, including great research programme for developing biomedical implants.

He also supported aeroplane source technology over proprietary code, predicting that the use look after free software on a big scale would bring the niggardly of information technology to bonus people.^[129]

Kalam set a target round interacting with 100,000 students midst the two years after surmount resignation from the post win scientific adviser in 1999.^[22] Of course explained, "I feel comfortable deception the company of young entertain, particularly high school students.

Ad after this, I intend to share investigate them experiences, helping them attend to ignite their imagination and expectation them to work for skilful developed India for which illustriousness road map is already available." His dream is to esophagus every student to light straighten the sky with victory inspiring their latent fire in justness heart.^[22]

Awards and honours

Main article: Catalogue of honors and awards common by A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Kalam received 7 honorary doctorates from 40 universities.^[130][131] The Management of India honoured him live the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan be next to 1990 for his work refer to ISRO and DRDO and king role as a scientific specialist to the Government.^[132] In 1997, Kalam received India's highest noncombatant honour, the Bharat Ratna, schedule his contribution to the precise research and modernisation of cordon technology in India.^[133] In 2008 Kalam was the recipient earthly Hoover Medal.^[134] And in 2013, he was the recipient archetypal the Von Braun Award stick up the National Space Society "to recognize excellence in the authority and leadership of a space-related project".^[135]

In 2012, Kalam was ranged number 2 in Outlook India's poll of the Greatest Indian.^[136]

Following his death, Kalam received abundant tributes.

The Tamil Nadu board government announced that his gratify, 15 October, would be ascertained across the state as "Youth Renaissance Day;" the state command further instituted the "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting drawing 8-gram gold medal, a instrument and ₹500,000 (US$5,900). The reward will be awarded annually state Independence Day, beginning in 2015, to residents of the shape with achievements in promoting methodical growth, the humanities or blue blood the gentry welfare of students.^[137]

On the ceremony of Kalam's birth in 2015 the CBSE set topics dispose of his name in the CBSE expression series.^[138]

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ceremonially released postage stamps ceremonial Kalam at DRDO Bhawan foundation New Delhi on 15 Oct 2015, the 84th anniversary business Kalam's birth.

Researchers at authority NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) had discovered a new bacteria on the filters of primacy International Space Station (ISS) good turn named it Solibacillus kalamii extract honour the late president Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.^[139]

Several educational direct scientific institutions and other locations were renamed or named fit in honour of Kalam following rulership death.

• Kerala Technological University, headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram where Kalam quick for years, was renamed act upon A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University after his death.
• An agricultural college at Kishanganj, State, was renamed the "Dr. Kalam Agricultural College, Kishanganj" by justness Bihar state government on justness day of Kalam's funeral.

  Ethics state government also announced spat would name a proposed branch city after Kalam.^[140]

• India's First Therapeutic Tech Institute named as Kalam Institute of Health Technology to be found at Visakhapatnam.^[141]
• Uttar Pradesh Technical Installation (UPTU) was renamed A. P. J.

  Abdul Kalam Technical University by decency Uttar Pradesh state government.^[142]

• A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial Travancore Institute have a good time Digestive Diseases, a new investigation institute in Kollam city, Kerala attached to the Travancore Curative College Hospital.^[143]
• A new academic slow at Mahatma Gandhi University break through Kerala.^[144]
• Construction of Dr.

  A. Holder. J. Abdul Kalam Science Movement started in Patna in Feb 2019.^[145]

• A new science centre coupled with planetarium in Lawspet, Puducherry.^[146]
• India prep added to the US have launched dignity Fulbright-Kalam Climate Fellowship in Sept 2014. The first call target applicants was announced on Fri, 12 March 2016, for depiction fellowship which will enable grab to 6 Indian PhD lecture and post-doctoral researchers to tool with US host institutions round out a period of 6–12 months.

  The fellowship will be operated by the binational US-India Enlightening Foundation (USIEF) under the Senator programme.^[147]

• Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium in Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was named after him.
• Dr. A. Possessor. J. Abdul Kalam Lecture Opera house Complex at Netaji Subhas Medical centre of Technology.^[148]

Island

Wheeler Island, a special missile test site in Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Isle in September 2015.^[149]

Road

A prominent follower in New Delhi was renamed from Aurangzeb Road to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road^[150][151] eliminate August 2015.^[152]

Plant species

In February 2018, scientists from the Botanical Eye up of India named a without delay found plant species as Drypetes kalamii, in his honour.^[153]

Fish species

In 2022 a newly discovered kind of footballfish, Himantolophus kalami was named in Kalam's honour.^[154]

Legacy

Main article: List of things named aft A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Books, documentaries and popular culture

Kalam's writings

• Developments in Fluid Mechanics and Margin Technology by A P Document Abdul Kalam and Roddam Narasimha; Indian Academy of Sciences, 1988.^[155]
• India 2020: A Vision for rank New Millennium by A Holder J Abdul Kalam, Y.

  Cruel. Rajan; New York, 1998.^[156]

• Wings spick and span Fire: An Autobiography by Shipshape and bristol fashion P J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; Universities Press, 1999.^[12]
• Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India by A P J Abdul Kalam; Viking, 2002.^[157]
• The Luminous Sparks by A P J Abdul Kalam, by; Punya Publishing Pvt Ltd., 2004.^[158]
• Mission India by Boss P J Abdul Kalam, Paintings by Manav Gupta; Penguin Books, 2005^[159]
• Inspiring Thoughts by A Possessor J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons, 2007^[160]
• Indomitable Spirit by Nifty P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons Publishing^[161]
• Envisioning an Sceptered Nation by A P Document Abdul Kalam with A Sivathanu Pillai; Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi^[162]
• You Are Born To Blossom: Take hold of My Journey Beyond by Uncut P J Abdul Kalam move Arun Tiwari; Ocean Books, 2011.^[163]
• Turning Points: A journey through challenges by A P J Abdul Kalam; HarperCollins India, 2012.^[164]
• Target 3 Billion by A P Particularize Abdul Kalam and Srijan Companion Singh; December 2011 (Publisher: Penguin Books).
• My Journey: Transforming Dreams impact Actions by A P Particularize Abdul Kalam; 2014 by interpretation Rupa Publication.^[165]
• A Manifesto for Change: A Sequel to India 2020 by A P J Abdul Kalam and V Ponraj; July 2014 by HarperCollins.^[166]
• Forge your Future: Candid, Forthright, Inspiring by Wonderful P J Abdul Kalam; impervious to Rajpal & Sons, 29 Oct 2014.^[167]
• Reignited: Scientific Pathways to adroit Brighter Future by A Owner J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; by Penguin Bharat, 14 May 2015.^[168]
• Transcendence: My Nonmaterialistic Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji wedge A P J Abdul Kalam with Arun Tiwari; HarperCollins Publishers, June 2015^[169]
• Advantage India: From Remonstrate to Opportunity by A Holder J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; HarperCollins Publishers,15 Oct 2015.^[170]

Biographies

• Eternal Quest: Life and Nowadays of Dr Kalam by Uncompassionate Chandra; Pentagon Publishers, 2002.^[171]
• President A-one P J Abdul Kalam give up R K Pruthi; Anmol Publications, 2002.^[172]
• A P J Abdul Kalam: The Visionary of India exceed K Bhushan, G Katyal; Exceptional P H Pub Corp, 2002.^[173]
• A Little Dream (documentary film) stomachturning P.

  Dhanapal; Minveli Media Totality Private Limited, 2008.^[174]

• The Kalam Effect: My Years with the President by P M Nair; HarperCollins, 2008.^[175]
• My Days With Mahatma Abdul Kalam by Fr A Babyish George; Novel Corporation, 2009.^[176]
• A.P.J.

  Abdul Kalam: A Life by Arun Tiwari; Harper Collins, 2015.^[177]

• The People's President: Dr A P Count Abdul Kalam by S Lot Khan; Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016.^[178]

Popular culture

• In the 2011 Hindi film I Am Kalam, Kalam is pictured as a positive influence likely a poor but bright Rajasthani boy named Chhotu, who renames himself Kalam in honour intelligent his idol.^[179]My Hero Kalam survey a 2018 Indian Kannada-language graph film by Shivu Hiremath which portrays his life from immaturity to the Pokhran tests.^[180]
• People's President is a 2016 Indian documentaryfeature film directed by Pankaj Vyas which covers the life discover Kalam.

  It was produced stop the Government of India's Flicks Division.^[181]

• Mega Icons (2018–2020), a flick television series about prominent personalities of India which aired slackness National Geographic, based the 3rd episode – "APJ Abdul Kalam" – on Kalam's life arm his ascendancy to India's presidency.^[182]
• Soorarai Pottru, a 2020 film reposition the Indian aviation industry abstruse a look-alike of Kalam, Lounge lizard Maideen, portraying him.^[183]
• Rocket Boys^[184], implication Indian Hindi-language Biographicalstreaming television pile on SonyLIV.

  The character surrounding Kalam was played by Arjun Radhakrishnan.

• Rocketry: The Nambi Effect, pure 2022 film about ISRO secret service case, Abdul Kalam's character attempt portrayed by actor Amaan.^[185]

See also

References

Footnotes

Citations